Training on surgical procedures such as a laparoscopic procedure or suturing procedure involves the development of specific mathematical models - soft-body models. A soft-body is the opposite of a rigid body, in that it is a 3 dimensional shape that we can deform when we interact with it.

A tissue is an example of soft-body model: the surgeon can use a grasper to pull or stretched it (deform it).

The suturing thread is another example of soft-body. The thread being deformable, the surgeon can tie a knot with it and / or change the curvature of the thread.

Soft-body mathematical modeling is one of the most challenging fields in physical simulation. It involves advanced mathematics and physics concepts and is still a very active field of research world over. Virtual Logic Systems develops state of the art models for thread and tissue simulation based on latest research and technologies, and uses the same in its surgical simulator products.